7 myths are fueling new Covid-19 surges. Avoiding these will help save the economy and save lives

It’s easy to fall into a false sense of security now that states have reopened. And many are already paying the price.

States are shutting down businesses again. Popular beaches have closed. And the rate of new Covid-19 infections keeps growing in most states, threatening to reverse the progress made during stay-at-home orders.

So what happened? When states reopened to try to save the economy, the fate of this pandemic shifted from government mandates to personal responsibility.

But many are not heeding that responsibility, instead letting their guard down too early due to popular misconceptions:

If the economy is open, the pandemic is getting better, right?

No. “This is not even close to being over,” the head of the World Health Organization said.

Only about 5% to 8% of the US population has been infected with this new coronavirus, meaning we have a long way to go before reaching herd immunity.

A coronavirus test kit is handed to a driver in vehicle at a COVID-19 testing site in Los Angeles, California on June 24, 2020. - California reported more than 7,000 cases overnight making it the biggest daily jump so far as the California Department of Public Health reported a second straight record jump in coronavirus cases now totalling over 190,000. (Photo by Frederic J. BROWN / AFP) (Photo by FREDERIC J. BROWN/AFP via Getty Images)

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Herd immunity generally happens when 70% to 90% of a population becomes immune to an infectious disease – either because people have been infected and recovered, or because they’ve been vaccinated.

But it will be many months before a Covid-19 vaccine might be publicly available – if one becomes effective and available at all.

There’s also no cure for the novel coronavirus. So the only way to control this deadly pandemic is through personal behavior – like staying 6 feet away from others, including in social settings, and wearing a face mask.

“It is critical that we all take the personal responsibility to slow the transmission of Covid-19 and embrace the universal use of face coverings,” Dr. Robert Redfield, director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, said Tuesday.

More than 127,000 Americans have died from Covid-19 in less than six months, with hundreds more deaths every day.

I’m young and healthy, so I’m not worried

New Covid-19 infections have skyrocketed in the Gen Z and millennial age groups. And while the death rate is lower among young adults, many are struggling with long-term effects from the disease.

“Specifically, I’m addressing the younger members of our society, the millennials and the Generation Z’s,” Redfield said in calling for face coverings. “I ask those that are listening to spread the word.”

coronavirus group of friends cpt 06162020

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In Florida, the median age group for those infected back in March was people in their 60s. But in the past few weeks, that median age has plummeted to young adults in their early 30s, Gov. Ron DeSantis said in late June.

The rapid surge of infections in Florida is “being driven by that 18 to 35-year-old group,” DeSantis said.

After Florida started reopening in early May, Erika Crisp and 15 friends went to celebrate a birthday at a bar where no one was wearing a mask. All 16 friends came down with Covid-19.

During their night out, the virus seemed “out of sight, out of mind” because they didn’t know anyone who had contracted it, Crisp said. The group also had a false sense of security, she said, because their governor said it was safe to reopen.

“I feel foolish. It’s too soon,” Crisp said.

New Jersey physician Dr. Jen Caudle said she’s seen young patients suffer serious or long-term complications from Covid-19 – including strokes, shortness of breath, fatigue, or the inability to smell and taste long after recovering from the virus.

Medical staff move a patient into the Wyckoff Heights Medical Center emergency room on April 7, 2020 in Brooklyn, New York. - New York state has recorded its highest number of COVID-19 deaths in 24 hours, Governor Andrew Cuomo said on April 7, 2020, adding though that hospitalizations appeared to be "plateauing." Cuomo said 731 people succumbed to the new coronavirus on Monday, bringing the state's total death toll to 5,489. The previous single-day record was 630, set on Friday. (Photo by Angela Weiss / AFP) (Photo by ANGELA WEISS/AFP via Getty Images)

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Utah Jazz center Rudy Gobert, 28, was the first NBA player toreport testing positive for Covid-19 back in March. Three months later, he still hasn’t fully recovered, Gobert told the French sports publication L’Equipe.

Days before his diagnosis, Gobert had made light of the pandemic when he jokingly touched every microphone during a news conference.

He later publicly apologized and urged the public to not fall into a false sense of security like he did.

“I wish I would have taken this thing more seriously, and I hope everyone else will do so,” Gobert said.

We’re checking the temperatures of all employees / customers / party guests

Harper's Restaurant & Brew Pub in East Lansing, Michigan.

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Temperature screenings won’t catch asymptomatic or pre-symptomatic carriers of coronavirus, who don’t feel sick but are still contagious.

An estimated 40% of coronavirus transmissions happen without any symptoms, according to the CDC.

Even those who do have symptoms might not have a fever. In fact, many older adults – the age group most likely to suffer severe complications from Covid-19 – don’t get a fever at all.

I don’t need to wear a mask

“As economies open up more, masks become more important, not less important,” said Jeremy Howard, a research scientist at the University of San Francisco.

WASHINGTON, DC - JUNE 23: Dr. Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, takes off his face mask before testifying at a hearing of the U.S. House Committee on Energy and Commerce on Capitol Hill on June 23, 2020 in Washington, DC. The committee is investigating the Trump administration's response to the COVID-19 pandemic. (Photo by Kevin Dietsch-Pool/Getty Images)

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Howard has spent much of the past four months in Texas, where he noticed the use of face masks dropped as the state started reopening.

Now, Texas is grappling with a dangerous resurgence of Covid-19, forcing Gov. Greg Abbott to shut down some businesses once again. Abbott recently issued an executive order requiring mask use.

At least 20 states and the District of Columbia now require people to wear masks in public when social distancing might not be possible.

Arizona and Florida do not require face masks and now have among the highest infection rates in the country. Arizona has shut down bars, gyms and other businesses to deal with the crisis, and some Florida beaches have temporarily closed.

Vasi's Cafe is shown closed in St. Clair Shores, Mich., Friday, May 8, 2020. Many restaurants have closed due to the coronavirus pandemic. (AP Photo/Paul Sancya)

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If 95% of Americans wore face masks in public, it could prevent 33,000 deaths by October 1, according to the University of Washington’s Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation.

Why top health officials reversed their guidance on face masks

US Surgeon General Dr. Jerome Adams said if you want more businesses to reopen and stay open, wear a mask.

“Some feel face coverings infringe on their freedom of choice- but if more wear them, we’ll have MORE freedom to go out,” tweeted Adams, who was nominated by President Donald Trump.

“Face coverings → less asymptomatic viral spread → more places open, and sooner! Exercise and promote your freedom by choosing to wear a face covering!”

The rate of deaths is decreasing, so things are getting better, right?

The US recently reported its highest number of new Covid-19 cases in a single day, and doctors say the rate of infection is outpacing the increase in testing.

“Our daily case/new infection rate has really skyrocketed to over 40,000,” said Dr. Jonathan Reiner, a professor at George Washington University School of Medicine.

A patient is taken from an ambulance to the emergency room of a hospital in the Navajo Nation town of Tuba City during the 57 hour curfew, imposed to try to stop the spread of the Covid-19 virus through the Navajo Nation, in Arizona on May 24, 2020 - Weeks of delays in delivering vital coronavirus aid to Native American tribes exacerbated the outbreak, the president of the hard-hit Navajo Nation said, lashing the administration of President Donald Trump for botching its response. Jonathan Nez told AFP in an interview that of the $8 billion promised to US tribes in a $2.2 trillion stimulus package passed in late March, the first tranche was released just over a week ago. (Photo by Mark RALSTON / AFP) (Photo by MARK RALSTON/AFP via Getty Images)

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Health experts say the current spikes in new cases coincide with what happened several weeks ago – when states started reopening and many people abandoned safety measures such as wearing masks or social distancing.

Why it takes so long after infections to learn about diagnoses and deaths

Yet while new cases soar, the daily numbers of Covid-19 deaths have generally decreased. Don’t be fooled by that, doctors say.

First, deaths from Covid-19 often lag weeks behind new infections. It can take up to two weeks for symptoms to appear. After that, people might not get tested immediately. Then, it can take even longer for severe cases to require hospitalization.

Harvest Kitchen restaurant has extended its outdoor area by setting tables on the street for their customers as the city moves into phase two re-opening from the coronavirus pandemic in New York City. New York State Governor Andrew Cuomo has announced that New York is on track for Phase 2 re-opening. (Photo by Ron Adar / SOPA Images/Sipa USA)(Sipa via AP Images)

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“It takes about a week after someone becomes infected until they get sick enough to be hospitalized, and then often about a week after that until you start seeing deaths,” Reiner said.

“We’ve sort of plateaued with the death rate sort of fluctuating between 600 and 800 deaths per day. … Obviously, everyone is concerned about the death rate starting to take off again.”

Second, many of those newly infected are young people who are less likely to die from the virus. But they can still easily infect others by just talking or breathing.

With the current rates of transmission, “we will reach 100,000 cases per day” in the US, said internal medicine specialist Dr. Jorge Rodriguez.

With this virus, “one person – on the average – infects three people, and we’re already at 40,000” new cases reported daily, Rodriguez said Tuesday.

Your top coronavirus questions, answered

I’ve already tested negative, so I’m fine

That’s not an excuse to stop taking precautions.

“Sometimes there are false negatives, which means you have the disease but the test doesn’t detect it,” according to Penn Medicine.

“Because it is possible to get a negative result even when you have coronavirus, it is important to be careful even when you receive a negative result.”

Even if a negative test result is correct, you may have been infected since that test was taken.

Maybe we should just let nature take its course and get herd immunity

That’s not a good idea because some intensive care units are already at or near capacity, Rodriguez said.

People enjoy the warm spring weather as they sit by the water at Hornstull in Stockholm on April 21, 2020, during the new coronavirus COVID-19 pandemic.

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Even if you get coronavirus but don’t get very sick, this virus is highly contagious – and you could infect others who will need hospitalization.

And that could reduce care for anyone else who needs it – such as car wreck victims or people suffering from heart attacks.

“People are being admitted to hospital beds and being admitted to ICU (intensive care unit) beds faster than they’re being discharged” due to the coronavirus, said Will Humble, executive director of the Arizona Public Health Association.

Humble said he’s worried hospitals will go into “crisis standards of care,” which basically means “lower care for everybody, not just people with Covid-19.”

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There’s another problem with waiting for herd immunity: This virus is so new, no one knows whether antibodies developed after recovering from the virus will provide any long-term immunity.

But the CDC director said everyone can help stop this deadly pandemic. It just takes personal responsibility.

“We have powerful tools at our disposal – social distancing, wear a face cover in public, and be disciplined about the frequent hand washing,” Redfield said.

“We are not defenseless against this disease.”

CNN’s Zachary B. Wolf and Amanda Watts contributed to this report.